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It was during the 19th century that the machine ancestors of the forklift was initially developed. At this time, battery-powered, small units were invented for the purpose of moving traveler's baggage at the Altoona train station within Pennsylvania. During WWI, various types were developed in England specially for use in the material handling business. These machines evolved as a solution to the lack of manpower at that time.
The modern equivalents come in a variety of configurations and sizes. There are the large truck-mounted forklift models that are also called sod loaders and then the opposite end of the spectrum has small hand truck units. There are also a line of automated versions known as forklift automated guided vehicles which are practically robotic in nature. These models were made to improve production and as a way of lowering operational expenses.
Attachments have been made to fit onto numerous common forklifts, giving them the capability of performing a wider selection of jobs. The motors can be internal combustion or IC models, running on gasoline, propane or diesel, or there are battery operated options which need regular charging. Typical warehouse models will usually be rated to lift between around 1 and 5 tons.
The main advantage of electric forklifts is fuel expenses. Compared to IC or internal combustion units, these have less costs per hour. Amongst the main drawbacks to the electric forklifts is their higher initial cost. Brand new electric forklifts can range from 20% to 40% more than internal combustion units that are rated the same.
However, electric forklifts offer numerous advantages including quiet operation. This is a huge plus for indoor applications. In addition, no requirement for fuel storage mean no room has to be allotted for tanks of flammable and dangerous fuels. Because electric forklifts have less moving parts than internal combustion units, and they are typically used in cleaner environments and indoors, they tend to have a longer lifespan overall.
The battery downtime is the biggest downside of an electric forklift. These units run with heavy, big, lead-acid batteries, similar to the ones found in your car. These batteries are really powerful and really big. Normally, batteries offer sufficient power for one regular 8-hour shift, and this means 5 or 6 hours of continuous use.
